The first thing to do is to limit the extent of the damage, and prevent the burn from becoming worse. The burnt area must be cooled by being placed under cold running water. The water must not be unpleasantly cold.
The damaged area must stay under running water for at least one hour, or longer if the pain has not stopped. Up to four hours of this treatment can be beneficial.
First-degree burns, eg mild sunburn, do not require this treatment.
Which burns need treatment by health professionals?
Burns that are bigger than the palm of the hand.
Burns on the face, neck, hands, and in the groin.
All third-degree burns.
Most second-degree burns.
Remember that it can be difficult to distinguish between second- and third-degree burns, so always have a nurse or doctor check all but the most minor burns.
If possible, keep pouring water over the burn on the way to the doctor, or use clean, soaking wet towels.
Do not lance the blisters yourself.
Never apply an ointment to burns or try other folk remedies � water is the only thing that should be used. Do not use butter or lard on burns!
If the burn is exposed and you are worried that it may get dirty, or if it causes discomfort as clothing brushes over it, it can be loosely covered with a clean dry non-adherent dressing and held in place with a simple bandage. Do not put any lotions or creams on it.
Do not forget to have a tetanus injection if you have not had a booster within the last 10 years.
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